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Health Policy and Planning Advance Access published online on June 23, 2009
Health Policy and Planning, doi:10.1093/heapol/czp028
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Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2009; all rights reserved.

Augmenting frameworks for appraising the practices of community-based health interventions

Dennis Pérez1,*, Pierre Lefèvre2, Maria Isabel Romero3, Lizet Sánchez1, Pol De Vos2 and Patrick Van der Stuyft2

1Institute of Tropical Medicine ‘Pedro Kourí’, Havana City, Cuba.
2Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
3Popular Education Program, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Center, Havana City, Cuba.

*Corresponding author. Institute of Tropical Medicine ‘Pedro Kourí’, Autopista Novia del Mediodía km 61/2, Havana City, Cuba. Tel: +53-7-204 6664. Fax: +53-7-204 6051. E-mail: dennis{at}ipk.sld.cu

This paper aims at augmenting the frameworks proposed by Rifkin in 1996 to distinguish between target-oriented and empowerment approaches to participation in community-based health interventions. In her paper, Rifkin defined three criteria: who makes decisions on resource allocation, expected outcome and outcome assessment. We propose five additional criteria: the definition of community, the characteristics of the capacity-building process, the leadership characteristics, the documentation process, and ethical issues regarding participation. Derived from our analysis of a community-based project, the proposed criteria are discussed in the light of the principles of Popular Education and other literature on community participation. The augmented frameworks are intended to assist health professionals and planners interested in the empowerment approach of community participation to consciously sharpen their practice.

Key Words: Community participation, empowerment, ethics, participatory research, values

Accepted for publication 20 April 2009.


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