Health Policy and Planning, Vol 14, 198-203, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
L Lerer
There is growing concern about the environmental, social and health
consequences of development projects. Environmental impact assessment
(EIA), which aims to address this concern, is often conducted with little
input from the health sector. Quantifying the health benefits and risks of
a project or policy requires an innovative synthesis of socio-demographic,
environmental health, epidemiological and health systems data. This article
provides a simple framework for health impact assessment (HIA), a method
for describing and measuring the impact of a project or policy on health
and wellbeing, and designing appropriate interventions. The key components
of HIA are: review of available data; research and identification of
priority health issues through the use of rapid assessment methods; design
of a health action plan with stakeholder consultation; implementation of
interventions and the monitoring of long-term health impacts. HIA can
assist in ensuring that development and policies are 'health promoting' and
that the health sector plays a meaningful role in EIA.
ARTICLES
How to do (or not to do) ... Health impact assessment
Health Consuming Office, Medical Research Council, South Africa and Healthcare Management Initiative, INSEAD, France
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